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1.
Clin. biomed. res ; 42(1): 96-99, 2022.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1391399

ABSTRACT

A fístula liquórica para o osso temporal constitui um evento raro que decorre da comunicação anormal entre o espaço subaracnóideo e as células da mastoide, permitindo que o líquido cefalorraquidiano flua para as porções pneumatizadas do osso temporal. Tem como consequência a hipotensão intracraniana espontânea, caracterizada por perda de líquor e pela manifestação clínica de cefaleia ortostática. Acredita-se que a hipotensão intracraniana espontânea crie condições hemodinâmicas favoráveis à ocorrência de trombose venosa cerebral, uma desordem potencialmente fatal e de difícil diagnóstico, visto a inespecificidade de sinais clínicos e sintomas. Dessa forma, é pertinente atentar para a possibilidade de trombose venosa cerebral em pacientes com fístulas liquóricas, especialmente quando houver mudança do padrão da cefaleia, que passa de ortostática a intensa e contínua.


Temporal bone cerebrospinal fluid fistula is a rare event that results from abnormal communication between the subarachnoid space and the mastoid cells, allowing the cerebrospinal fluid to flow into the pneumatized portions of the temporal bone. It leads to spontaneous intracranial hypotension, characterized by loss of cerebrospinal fluid and orthostatic headache as a clinical manifestation. Spontaneous intracranial hypotension is believed to create favorable hemodynamic conditions to the occurrence of cerebral venous thrombosis, a potentially fatal disorder of difficult diagnosis given the nonspecific clinical signs and symptoms. Therefore, it is pertinent to consider the possibility of cerebral venous thrombosis in patients with cerebrospinal fluid fistulas, especially when there is a modification in the headache pattern from orthostatic to intense and continuous pain.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Cerebral Veins/physiopathology , Venous Thrombosis/physiopathology , Intracranial Hypotension/diagnosis , Fistula/diagnosis , Headache/complications
2.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 40(1): 91-96, 29/06/2021.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1362249

ABSTRACT

Schwannomas are the fourth most common primary neoplasms affecting the brain and cranial nerves. Central lesions commonly arise from sensory nerve roots, and a common intracranial site is the vestibular branch of the 8th nerve (>85%). We present the case report of a patient who has a schwannoma extending from the pterygopalatine fossa to the orbit, complaining about facial pain in the trajectory of the trigeminal ophthalmic branch. Schwannomas represent 1 to 2% of all neoplasms of the orbit, and trigeminal schwannomas are extremely rare, accounting for less than 0.5% of all intracranial tumors.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Cranial Nerve Neoplasms/surgery , Trigeminal Nerve Diseases/surgery , Neurilemmoma/surgery , Orbit , Cranial Nerve Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Cranial Nerve Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Neurilemmoma/pathology , Neurilemmoma/diagnostic imaging
3.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 39(4): 306-310, 15/12/2020.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1362343

ABSTRACT

Paracoccidioidomycosis is a systemicmycosis caused by the Paracoccidioides brasiliensis fungus, which is endemic in Latin America. Brazil is the country with the highest number of cases. The affection of the central nervous system (CNS), a potentially fatal condition, occurs in 12% of the cases. The following forms of presentation are identified:meningeal, which is unusual;meningoencephalitic; and pseudotumoral, the latter two being more frequent. Imaging tests are essential for the diagnosis, but the histological identification of the fungus is required for confirmation of the pathology. The clinical picture depends on the neuraxial location.We present a case of amale rural worker, with expansive lesions in the CNS compatible with paracoccidioidomycosis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Paracoccidioidomycosis/surgery , Paracoccidioidomycosis/drug therapy , Paracoccidioidomycosis/epidemiology , Central Nervous System Fungal Infections/therapy , Paracoccidioides/pathogenicity , Paracoccidioidomycosis/diagnostic imaging , Central Nervous System Fungal Infections/mortality , Central Nervous System Fungal Infections/diagnostic imaging
4.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 39(3): 232-234, 15/09/2020.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1362423

ABSTRACT

Lhermitte-Duclos disease (LDD), or cerebellar dysplastic gangliocytoma, is a rare type of cerebellar tumor, from unknown origin. Patients can be asymptomatic for several years, but there are usually imprecise neurological signs for long periods.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Hamartoma Syndrome, Multiple/diagnosis , Hamartoma Syndrome, Multiple/therapy , Ganglioneuroma/surgery , Ganglioneuroma/diagnosis , Hamartoma Syndrome, Multiple/pathology , Cerebellar Neoplasms/diagnosis , Ganglioneuroma/pathology
5.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 39(2): 142-145, 15/06/2020.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1362532

ABSTRACT

Tuberculosis (TB) of the central nervous system (CNS) is considered one of the most severe forms of presentation of the disease. Although only 1% of TB cases involve the CNS, these cases represent around between 5 and 15% of extrapulmonary forms.1,2 Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is the most frequent form of CNS TB. The granulomas formed in the cerebral tuberculoma may cause hydrocephalus and other symptoms indicative of a CNS mass lesion. In the absence of active TB or TBM, the symptoms may be interpreted as indicative of tumors.3,4 The prognosis is directly related to the early diagnosis and proper treatment installation.5 We report the case of a patient with intracranial hypertension syndrome, expansive mass in the parieto-occipital region, accompanied by a lesion in the rib, initially thought to be a metastatic lesion, although posteriorly diagnosed as a cerebral tuberculoma.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged, 80 and over , Tuberculoma/diagnosis , Tuberculoma/therapy , Tuberculoma, Intracranial/pathology , Tuberculosis, Central Nervous System , Microsurgery/methods , Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use
6.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 38(3): 203-209, 15/09/2019.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1362585

ABSTRACT

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a disease characterized by an increase in intracranial pressure, without presence of parenchymal lesions or hydrocephalus that justify it. Over 90% of cases there is association with stenosis of the dural venous sinuses. It is characterized by headache, tinidus, nausea, vomiting and visual disturbances. Initial treatment is clinical and when it fails there is indication of invasive procedures, among them shunts and fenestration of the optic nerve sheath. Angioplasty of dural venous sinuses, when indicated, has shown an alternative with better results and less complications. We report a case of a female patient, with 27 years old, diagnosed with IIH and bilateral transverse sinus stenosis, which was treated by bilateral stenting and total resolution of symptoms. Besides describing the case we review the literature about the subject.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Pseudotumor Cerebri/diagnosis , Pseudotumor Cerebri/therapy , Constriction, Pathologic/complications , Transverse Sinuses/abnormalities , Treatment Outcome , Angioplasty/methods , Endovascular Procedures
7.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 77(5): 300-309, Jun. 2019. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1011345

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Large multicenter studies have shown that small intracranial aneurysms are associated with a minimal risk of bleeding. Nevertheless, other large series have shown that most ruptured aneurysms are, in fact, the smaller ones. In the present study, we questioned whether small aneurysms are indeed not dangerous. Methods: We enrolled 290 patients with newly-diagnosed aneurysms at our institution over a six-year period (43.7% ruptured). We performed multivariate analyses addressing epidemiological issues, cardiovascular diseases, and three angiographic parameters (largest aneurysm diameter, neck diameter and diameter of the nutrition vessel). Risk estimates were calculated using a logistic regression model. Aneurysm size parameters were stratified according to receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Finally, we calculated odds ratios for rupture based on the ROC analysis. Results: The mean largest diameter for the ruptured versus unruptured groups was 13.3 ± 1.7 mm versus 22.2 ± 2.2 mm (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed a positive correlation between rupture and arterial hypertension (p < 0.001) and an inverse correlation with all three angiographic measurements (all p < 0.01). Aneurysms from the anterior cerebral artery bled more often (p < 0.05). According to the ROC curves, at the largest diameter of 15 mm, the sensitivity and specificity to predict rupture were 83% and 36%, respectively. Based on this stratification, we calculated the chance of rupture for aneurysms smaller than 15 mm as 46%, which dropped to 25% for larger aneurysms. Conclusion: In the population studied at our institution, small aneurysms were more prone to bleeding. Therefore, the need for intervention for small aneurysms should not be overlooked.


RESUMO Grandes estudos multicêntricos demostram que aneurismas intracranianos pequenos são associados a risco de sangramento mínimo. Outras grandes séries têm evidenciado que aneurismas rotos são em sua maioria os pequenos. Neste estudo questionamos até que ponto os aneurismas pequenos não são perigosos. Métodos: Avaliamos 290 novos casos de aneurismas tratados em nossa instituição durante 6 anos (43,7% rotos). Realizamos análises multivariadas com aspectos epidemiológicos dos pacientes, doenças cardiovasculares e três parâmetros angiográficos: maior diâmetro, diâmetro do colo e diâmetro do vaso nutridor do aneurisma. Estimativas de risco foram calculadas utilizando-se modelo de regressão logística. Parâmetros do tamanho aneurismático foram estratificados de acordo com curvas ROC. Também calculamos a razão de chances (odds ratios) de ruptura baseadas nas análises das curvas ROC. Resultados: O maior diâmetro médio para os grupos de aneurismas rotos e não-rotos foi 13.3 ± 1.7mm e 22.2 ± 2.2 (p < 0.001). Análises multivariadas revelaram uma correlação positiva entre ruptura aneurismática e hipertensão arterial (p < 0.001) e uma correlação inversa entre ruptura e as três medidas angiográficas (p < 0.01). Aneurismas da artéria cerebral anterior foram os que mais sangraram (p < 0.05). Análises das curvas ROC demonstram que no maior diâmetro de 15mm, a sensibilidade e especificidade para se predizer ruptura são de 83% e 36%. Baseando-se nessas estratificações, calculamos uma chance de ruptura para aneurismas menores de 15mm de 46% e de 25% para aneurismas maiores. Conclusão: Na população estudada, aneurismas pequenos são mais propensos a romper. Desta forma, a necessidade de intervenção para aneurismas pequenos não deve ser relevada.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Intracranial Aneurysm/complications , Aneurysm, Ruptured/complications , Intracranial Hemorrhages/etiology , Reference Values , Time Factors , Cerebral Angiography , Logistic Models , Intracranial Aneurysm/pathology , Intracranial Aneurysm/diagnostic imaging , Multivariate Analysis , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , ROC Curve , Aneurysm, Ruptured/pathology , Aneurysm, Ruptured/diagnostic imaging , Risk Assessment/methods , Intracranial Hemorrhages/diagnostic imaging , Hypertension/complications , Neck/pathology
8.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 37(1): 47-49, 13/04/2018.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-911364

ABSTRACT

Vestibular schwannomas (VSs) account for 70% of all tumors of the cerebellopontine angle (CPA). Their clinical presentation is often insidious, with progressive hearing loss and involvement of other cranial nerves. Spontaneous hemorrhage in those tumors is very unusual, and generally presents with acute clinical features such as nausea, vomiting, headache and altered consciousness, usually with marked dysfunction of the cranial nerve involved, and with new deficits of neighboring cranial nerves. Asymptomatic patients are extremely rare. We present a case report of an incidental VS with asymptomatic bleeding, which evolved to death after surgery.


Schwannomas vestibulares (SVs) são responsáveis por cerca de 70% de todos os tumores do ângulo pontocerebelar. Sua apresentação costuma ser insidiosa, com perda auditiva progressiva e envolvimento de outros nervos cranianos. Hemorragia espontânea nesses tumores é incomum, e geralmente apresenta-se agudamente, com náusea, vômitos, cefaleia e alterações de consciência, normalmente com disfunção importante dos nervos cranianos envolvidos e com novos déficits dos nervos próximos. Pacientes assintomáticos são extremamente raros. Apresentamos um relato de caso de um SV incidental com sangramento assintomático que evoluiu para o óbito após cirurgia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Hemorrhage , Neurilemmoma
9.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 37(1): 67-70, 13/04/2018.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-911381

ABSTRACT

Atypical rhabdoid teratoid tumors (ARTTs) are rare embryonic tumors, usually localized in the posterior fossa and diagnosed in children under 3 years-old. The treatment includes surgical resection, radio and chemotherapy, and the prognostic is unfavorable, with an average median survival of 1 year. We present the case of a 3-year-old patient, with history of headache and vomiting, followed by absence seizures, temporal automatism, syncope accompanied by sialorrhea and sphincteric loss succeeded by a postictal period. Surgical excision was performed and the anatomopathological study confirmed ARTT. The ARTTs are embryonic tumors, a category in which medulloblastoma and primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs) represent the most common central nervous system (CNS) malignancies in childhood.


Tumores teratóides rabdóides atípicos (TTRA) são tumores embrionários raros, geralmente localizados na fossa posterior e diagnosticados em crianças com menos de 3 anos de idade. O tratamento inclui ressecção cirúrgica, radio e quimioterapia. Contudo, o prognóstico é desfavorável, com uma sobrevida média de 1 ano. Apresentamos o caso de um paciente de 3 anos de idade, com quadro de cefaléia e vômitos, companhados por automatismo temporal e perda de consciência, seguidos por período pós-ictal. A ressonância nuclear magnética (RNM) do encéfalo evidenciou lesão frontal compatível com tumor intra-axial, efeito de massa local e invasão do corpo caloso. Foi realizada excisão cirúrgica, e o estudo anatômico-patológico confirmou TTRA. Os TTRA são tumores embrionários, categoria na qual o meduloblastoma e os tumores neuroectodermais primitivos representam as malignidades mais comuns no sistema nervoso central de crianças.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child, Preschool , Teratoma , Teratoma/surgery , Teratoma/radiotherapy
10.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 37(3): 167-173, 2018.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1362853

ABSTRACT

Introduction The city of Passo Fundo, in the north of the Rio Grande do Sul state, has been standing out in the health care field for many years. The state has become a reference in endovascular interventional neuroradiology. We will cover 10 years of experience in this area and divide our observations in 3 parts: cerebral angiograms (part I), carotid angioplasties (part II) and intracranial aneurysms (part III). The goal of part I is to statistically assess the cerebral angiograms, their indications, risks and complications, as well as to do a technical review. Materials and Methods A retrospective study from 2005 to 2015 with a total of 5,567 interventional neuroradiology procedures performed. A total of 4,114 angiograms, 639 embolizations of intracranial aneurysms, 414 carotid angioplasties, 143 embolizations of cerebral arteriovenous malformations, 32 embolizations of dural arteriovenous fistulas, 102 cerebral vasospasm treatments, 21 treatments of epistaxis, 36 embolizations of craniocervical tumor, 25 thrombolysis of ischemic stroke, 18 vertebroplasties and 13 embolizations of arteriovenous malformations of the face. Results A total of 4,084 procedures performed, 21,811 vessels studied, average vase 7.62/2.82 vessel and patient/procedure. Of these, 2,536 were diagnostic procedures and 1,548 angiographic controls. Of the total, 1,188 patients received only an angiogram, 27.14% of which were therapeutic procedures. We obtained a total of 3.89% complications: 2.33% reflection vasovagal, 0.56% allergic skin reaction, anaphylactic shock 0.07%, 0.27% femoral hematoma, 0.26% transient neurological deficit, 0.12% permanent neurological deficit and no case of death. Conclusion Cerebral angiography in adults, children and infants is a safe procedure with low risk of permanent neurological complications.


Subject(s)
Cerebral Angiography/adverse effects , Cerebral Angiography/statistics & numerical data , Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations/therapy , Cardiology Service, Hospital/history , Angioplasty/statistics & numerical data , Endovascular Procedures/statistics & numerical data , Intracranial Aneurysm/therapy , Medical Records , Prospective Studies , Retrospective Studies , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Embolization, Therapeutic , Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Interventional/methods
11.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1362864

ABSTRACT

Olfactory groove schwannomas (OGSs) are rare benign tumors of the anterior skull base region. Considering the lack of Schwann cells in the optic and olfactory nerves, their origin remains enigmatic. Despite the precursor cell, total resection of the lesion is curative, as long as the histopathological features of the tumor are compatible with schwannoma. We report the case of a 32-year-old woman, addicted to crack, who was brought to the hospital presenting with cognitive dysfunction after being physically assaulted, whose neuroimaging revealed a large extra-axial mass in the subfrontal sagittal region. The presentation, immunohistochemical markers and histogenesis are discussed in the present study, along with a literature review.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Skull Base Neoplasms/surgery , Cranial Fossa, Anterior/surgery , Neurilemmoma/surgery , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Skull Base Neoplasms/pathology , Skull Base Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Cranial Fossa, Anterior/pathology , Cranial Fossa, Anterior/diagnostic imaging , Anosmia , Neurilemmoma/pathology , Neurilemmoma/diagnostic imaging
12.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 36(1): 66-70, 06/03/2017.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-911140

ABSTRACT

Neurocysticercosis is the most common parasitic infection affecting the central nervous system, usually involving the brain parenchyma, intracranial subarachnoid space, or ventricular system. In rare cases, there is involvement of the spine (vertebral, epidural, subdural, arachnoid, or intramedullary). Even in endemic regions, this variant is rare, with an incidence below 5% of all patients. The diagnosis is made based on the symptoms, which can be very unspecific, imaging and CSF analysis, with biopsy as a possibility. Treatment is usually curative, but important deficits can develop, due to compression of the spinal cord or nerve roots, arachnoiditis, or meningitis. We present the case of a patient who developed this entity, with poor clinical scenario, and review the literature on the topic.


Neurocisticercose é a infecção parasitária mais comum afetando o sistema nervoso central, geralmente envolvendo o parênquima cerebral, espaço subaracnóide intracraniano ou sistema ventricular. Em raros casos, há envolvimento da coluna vertebral, espaços epidural e subdural, aracnoide, ou intramedular. Mesmo em áreas endêmicas, esta variante é rara, com incidência abaixo de 5% entre todos os pacientes. O diagnóstico é feito com base nos sintomas, que podem ser bastante inespecíficos, neuroimagem e análise do líquor, sendo a biópsia uma possibilidade. O tratamento geralmente é curativo, porém importantes déficits podem se desenvolver, devido à compressão da medula espinhal ou raízes nervosas, aracnoidite ou meningite. Relatamos o caso de um paciente que desenvolveu esta entidade, com sintomatologia escassa, e revisamos a literatura sobre este tópico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Spine , Neurocysticercosis , Neurocysticercosis/diagnosis
13.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 35(4): 344-348, 30/11/2016.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-911051

ABSTRACT

Teratomas are the most common type of Germ Cell Tumors (GCTs). GCTs are classified as extragonadal, if there is no evidence of a primary tumor in neither the testicles, nor in the ovaries. Intracranial Mature Teratomas are tumors with a very low incidence, and clear male predominance. We present the case of a 21 year-old female patient, with a history of two seizures 15 days prior to admission, without any abnormalities upon physical examination. The Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) performed at the admission evidenced an expansive, heterogeneous lesion in the frontal lobe, hypointense on T1-weighted images, hyperintense on T2-weighted images, and restriction on the diffusion imaging and ADC-mapping. The patient underwent microsurgical resection, and it was possible to achieve a near-total resection. During surgery, a welldefined capsule was identified, which was removed after adequate debulking. Tissues resembling hair were taken from inside the lesion. The patient recovered well, without any neurological deficits, and no further intervention was necessary. The authors aim to describe this rare pathology and their option for a surgical approach.


Os teratomas são o tipo mais comum de Tumores de Células Germinativas (TCG). TGC são classificados como extragonadais, quando não há evidências de um tumor primário em nos testículos, ou nos ovários. Os Teratomas Maduros Intracranianas são tumores com uma incidência muito baixa, e com uma predileção pelo sexo masculino. Nós apresentamos o caso de uma paciente, feminina, 21 anos de idade, com história de dois episódios de convulsões tônico-clônicas generalizadas, 15 dias antes da admissão, sem nenhum déficit focal ao exame físico. A Ressonância Magnética realizada na chegada mostrou uma lesão sólida, expansiva, grande e heterogênea, hipointensa em T1, e hiperintensa em T2, com restrição a difusão e ADC-mapping. Foi realizado uma cirurgia, e foi possível obter uma ressecção quase total. Havia uma cápsula bem definida, a qual foi removida após adequada redução do volume tumoral. Dentro da lesão foi encontrado tecido semelhante a cabelo. A paciente se recuperou bem, e foi dado alta sem novos déficits neurológicos, não foi realizado mais nenhuma intervenção, e ela está sendo acompanhada regularmente. Os autores visam descrever essa patologia rara e sua opção por uma abordagem cirúrgica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Teratoma , Brain Neoplasms , Teratoma/surgery
14.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 34(3): 232-236, ago. 2015. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-2369

ABSTRACT

Meningiomas are among the most common intracranial primary tumors, and generally have a benign behavior. The incidence of extracranial metastasis of this pathology is low. There are different variants of them, with a wide variety of aggressiveness and potential tometastatic spread. Among themalignant meningiomas (1­3% of total), the rhabdoid variant is known for its aggressive biological and clinical behavior. It is also known that some histological subtypes are inherently prone to recur or spread, as the latter. In the latest World Health Organization classification, extracranial metastases are not currently considered a pathological criterion for malignancy, and, when present, they are most commonly found in the lung, liver, lymph nodes, and bone. Treatment is usually surgical resection of the metastases, but there is still no consensus about it. Owing to its poor prognosis, the rhabdoid subtype is commonly treated aggressively. Patients are submitted to local radiotherapy to prevent recurrence. Extracranial metastases of meningiomas are rare, but should always be remembered, especially in cases of local recurrence and malignant histology, as the rhabdoid variant. We report one case of extracranial metastases in a patient diagnosed with rhabdoid subtype of meningioma, and discuss the literature on this pathology.


Meningiomas estão entre os tumores intracranianos primários mais comuns, e geralmente possuem comportamento benigno. A incidência de metástases extracranianas desta patologia é baixa. Existem diversas variantes, com uma ampla variedade de agressividade e potencial para disseminação metastática. Entre os meningiomas malignos (1­3% do total), a variante rabdoide é conhecida por seu comportamento agressivo clínico e biológico. Também é sabido que alguns subtipos histológicos são propensos à recidiva e disseminação, como o supracitado. Na última classificação da Organização Mundial de Saúde, metástases extracranianas não são consideradas como critério patológico para malignidade, e, quando presentes, são geralmente encontradas nos pulmões, fígado, linfonodos e ossos. O tratamento é geralmente a ressecção cirúrgica das metástases, embora não há consenso. Devido ao seu prognóstico pobre, o subtipo rabdoide é comumente tratado de forma agressiva. Os pacientes são submetidos à radioterapia local para prevenção de recidivas. As metástases extracranianas de meningiomas são raras, mas sempre devem ser consideradas, especialmente em casos com recidiva local e histologia maligna, como a variante rabdoide. Relatamos um caso de metástases extracranianas em um paciente com o subtipo rabdoide de meningioma, e discutimos a literatura a seu respeito.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Rhabdoid Tumor , Meningioma , Neoplasm Metastasis
15.
J. bras. neurocir ; 24(1): 69-74, 2013.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-725894

ABSTRACT

Derivação Ventrículo-Peritoneal (DVP) é um dos procedimentos mais frequentemente realizados para o tratamento dehidrocefalia. Entretanto, mesmo sendo tecnicamente simples e bem conhecido, existem várias complicações graves que podemocorrer, sendo a perfuração intestinal uma delas. Esta complicação é rara, especialmente entre adultos e geralmente ocorredentro do primeiro ano após o procedimento cirúrgico. Esta pode ainda, ser agravada, tanto por infecção, do sistema nervosocentral ou sistêmica, quanto por aumento da pressão intracraniana devido ao mau funcionamento do sistema de drenagem. Oquadro clínico geralmente oligossintomático muitas vezes torna o diagnóstico difícil, sendo necessário o uso de múltiplos examescomplementares. Existem também inúmeras dúvidas quanto à fisiopatologia e fatores predisponentes para esta complicação.Ainda, devido à sua baixa incidência, sendo descrita, em sua maioria, através de relatos de caso ou pequenas séries, não existeconsenso para seu ideal manejo. O tratamento varia desde abordagens menos invasivas, preservando os componentes da DVP,até a retirada completa de todos os componentes e uso de antibióticos de amplo espectro. Relatamos um caso de perfuraçãointestinal e extrusão de cateter de DVP através do ânus em um paciente adulto, tardiamente, discutindo os dados da literaturasobre este assunto.


Subject(s)
Intestinal Perforation , Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt
16.
GED gastroenterol. endosc. dig ; 23(2): 61-64, mar.-abr. 2004. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-392750

ABSTRACT

Em estudo retrospectivo, transversal, realizado em Passo Fundo, cidade localizada no interior do Rio Grande do Sul, analisaram-se 1.469 exames de endoscopia digestiva alta consecutivos, com biópsias para anatomopatológicos. Verificou-se que a maior prevalência de indivíduos com Helicobacter pylori ocorre na quinta década de vida. A região apresenta prevalência de 49,48 por cento , sendo de 51,36 por cento a da infecção nas mulheres e de 46,67 por cento nos homens. O impacto desse agente infeccioso justifica esforços no sentido de identificar medidas preventivas


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Helicobacter , Helicobacter pylori , Helicobacter Infections/epidemiology , Helicobacter Infections/genetics , Helicobacter Infections/history
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